The LMC is recognised by successive NHS Acts as the statutory professional organisation to represent all GPs.

It is not a Trade Union. All GPs whether principals or salaried, whether they hold a General Medical Services, Personal Medical Services or Primary Care Trust Personal Medical Services are constituents of the LMC. Alternative / Special Personal Medical Services doctors will be fully represented subject to a levy being paid on their behalf. Sessional GPs may pay a voluntary levy if they wish to be fully represented by the LMC.

The LMC represents GPs in discussions with local, regional and national health bodies. The LMC also has a pastoral function.